The jugular foramen is located between the temporal and occipital bones (Fisch, 2009; Rucker, 2012). Occipital spurs, also called as occipital knob, occipital bun, chignon or inion hook, is an exaggerated external occipital protuberance (EOP). 1: Cribriform plate; 2: Ectoturbinates; 3: Endoturbinates (I-IV); 4: Ethmoidal meatus; 5: Sphenopalatine foramen; 6: Nasopharyngeal meatus; 7: Incisive bone; 8: Nasal bone; 9: Vomeronasal bone; 10: Crista galli; 11: Wing (presphenoid bone); 12: Optic canal; 13: Frontal bone; 14: Basisphenoid bone; 15: Ethmoidal labyrinth (lateral mass); 16: Ethmoidal cells; 17: Ethmoidal infundibulum; 18: Basal plate; 19: Ethmoidal bulla; 20: Perpendicular plate; 21: Ala of crista galli; 22: Uncinate process. There are huge (I know they’re huge because I did my first front leg amputation last month, and let me tell you … they’re big!) I don't think it's due to inbreeding per se - but it is certainly related to breed. Swollen Occipital Bone on dog.

Occipital dysplasia is a congenital abnormality of the formation of the occipital bones of the cranium. Presphenoid bone (odd).

Lenticular sclerosis. Apparently I’ve been calling them the wrong thing for years. Craniomandibular osteopathy is a proliferative bone disease that primarily affects the mandible, zygomatic arches, and tympanic bullae of growing dogs.

okay so my dog has a bump on his head. Typically a bilateral lesion, affected bullae fuse with the adjacent mandible, restricting movement of the mandible. The bump on his head is known officially as the External Occipital Protuberance - it's the back end of the Sagittal crest, which is the sort of "seam" that holds the two halves of the head together. Skull. Gastrostomy or esophagostomy tubes may be necessary if the animal is unable to eat. The two mandibles of the mouse are not fused together.

Traditionally, the pars venosa contains the jugular bulb, along with the vagus and spinal accessory nerves and the posterior meningeal branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery, which runs between the vagus and accessory nerves. I’m still fun and hip, darn it). The external occipital crest (or median nuchal line) is a highly variable median line or crest that passes between the right and the left nuchal musculature. That’s his body’s way of protecting that bony protuberance; it is not cancer, usually. When the exostoses stop proliferating and eventually regress, the roughened borders become quite smooth.

Disease onset occurs at 4 to 10 months of age. Sex/Neuter status: female neutered.

I gave him an anitinflammatory med called Metacam for dogs and it went down but now it is back and he is still on the antinflammatory med. 3D volume reformat of a CT of skull of a dog with occipital dysplasia (dorsoventrally elongated foramen magnum or "keyhole" foramen) and relatively normal occipital condyles (green overlay).

You know when old dogs have that bluish cast to their eyes? Woven bone may be replaced by mature bone, but permanent distortion of bony architecture is common. The disease is most common in West Highland White Terriers, but is also described in several other breeds, including Scottish Terriers, Labrador Retrievers, Great Danes, Doberman Pinschers, Cairn Terriers, German Wirehaired Pointers, Pyrenean Mountain Dogs, and in a Boxer, a Boston Terrier, and an English Bulldog. It is a normal aging process that results from the thickening and stiffening of the fibers in the lens, making them hazy and pale. The occurrence of craniomandibular osteopathy is infrequently reported in the literature. High-velocity pulsatile flow of CSF into the central canal of the spinal cord leads to hydromyelia or syringomyelia.

A similar self-limiting disease has recently been reported in the calvaria of young bullmastiff dogs (calvarial hyperostotic syndrome [CHS]). Rostral mandibulectomy allows affected dogs to lap gruel. Bone resorption in craniomandibular osteopathy is random and disoriented, involving both pre-existing lamellar trabeculae and newly formed woven bone. Affected animals range in age from 6 months to 10 years. Therein rest the cerebellar lobes of the brain. 42.5C).87 The histopathological findings include resorption of lamellar bone and replacement with exuberant, coarsely woven, poorly mineralized bony trabeculae, interspersed with fibrous tissue.87 There are no consistent changes in the complete blood count, biochemical profile and urinalysis, although the alkaline phosphatase may be elevated.90. Angular processes of the mandible and bullae may fuse and obstruct jaw motion.

Its intracranial aperture courses anterolaterally and inferiorly to the extracranial opening at the base of the skull and contains the posterolateral pars venosa and anteromedial pars nervosa, partially separated by the jugular spine of the temporal bone and sometimes completely by a fibrous or bony septum. B) Skull. Schedule periodic physical and radiographic examinations of the animal (every 6 to 8 weeks) until skeletal maturity. The foramen magnum is enlarged dorsally and is abnormal in shape. 2-19). Once the foramen lacerum is identified, the position of the ICA is secured. There may be herniation of a portion of the vermis of the cerebellum (see Chapter 12). 11.34). Learn more here.

Therefore, findings should be interpreted in light of the clinical history.

Zygomatic bone (Figs. If the enhancement is limited to the canal, it is possible to be more confident in a diagnosis of otitis than when the enhancement extends out of the canal, such as in cases of neoplasia. Bony lesions are bilateral and … A) Ethmoidal labyrinth. Larsell and Whitlock (1952) have shown a comparison between the cerebellum of birds and mammals. Bony proliferation can involve the TMJ and can affect jaw movement. The prima fissure divides the corpus cerebelli into anterior and posterior lobes.

It is well known that the cerebellum functionality has a very complex organization that is responsible for normal planning and coordination of movements.

At the height of the disease, atrophy of the muscles of mastication and increased fibrous and osseous tissue of the head are obvious.

If you’re not sure, best to just take it to the vet.

It feels almost like bone. Signs of pain are elicited during direct palpation of the swelling or attempts to open the mouth. 117-3).

nerves — called the brachial plexus — that run through the armpits.